Why Do Clients with Dementia Display Challenging Behaviours?
Dementia challenging behaviour Durham is a common issue faced by care providers and families alike. At Durham Nursing Homes, we understand that these behaviours are often misunderstood. Rather than simply reacting to them, we aim to understand the reasons behind them. By identifying the root cause, we can provide care that is supportive, respectful, and effective.
Dementia affects the brain’s ability to process information, manage emotions, and interpret surroundings. As a result, clients may become confused, frightened, or overwhelmed. When they can’t express themselves clearly, they may act out instead. This behaviour is not intentional — it’s often the only available form of communication.
What are challenging behaviours in dementia?
Challenging behaviour includes actions that disrupt care or create distress. These may involve shouting, hitting, wandering, resisting care, inappropriate language, or emotional withdrawal. These behaviours can happen suddenly, but they usually stem from a deeper issue such as pain, confusion, or fear.
How communication difficulties affect behaviour
As dementia progresses, communication becomes more difficult. Clients may struggle to understand questions or explain how they feel. Frustration builds when they are unable to make themselves understood. For example, a resident might become angry when asked to do something they don’t understand.
Unmet physical needs
Pain, hunger, thirst, or needing the toilet can all trigger challenging behaviour if the client cannot express these needs. Because they are unable to explain the problem verbally, their distress may come out through actions instead.
Environmental triggers
Bright lights, loud noises, or unfamiliar surroundings can cause anxiety. A crowded room or a sudden change in furniture arrangement may leave a resident feeling unsafe. For this reason, we aim to provide calm, consistent environments that promote security.
Changes in routine
Dementia clients thrive on predictability. When routines change suddenly — such as a new carer, different mealtime, or unfamiliar activity — it can cause confusion or panic. As a result, residents may lash out or refuse to engage.
Cognitive overload
Too much information or too many instructions at once can overwhelm someone with dementia. This may lead to shutdown or aggressive reactions. We use simple instructions and break tasks into manageable steps to avoid overwhelming the resident.
Emotional distress and trauma
Some behaviours stem from emotional experiences, either current or from the past. For example, a client who previously served in the military might respond aggressively to loud noises. By knowing the client’s background, we can identify and avoid emotional triggers.
Loss of independence and dignity
Being unable to complete daily tasks without assistance can lead to frustration and feelings of helplessness. When a client is struggling to accept support, they may resist care or become angry. Preserving independence wherever possible helps reduce these reactions.
Medication side effects
Certain medications may affect mood, energy levels, or cognition. If a new behaviour appears after a medication change, it’s important to evaluate whether the medicine could be contributing to the issue. Regular reviews with healthcare professionals help us stay on top of this.
How we observe and respond to behaviour
At Durham Nursing Homes, our team is trained to look beyond the behaviour. We ask: what might this person be trying to tell us? We observe body language, facial expressions, and the environment to identify possible causes. For example, pacing may suggest discomfort or restlessness.
Behaviour as a symptom, not the problem
We don’t treat behaviour as a problem to fix, but as a symptom to understand. When we look for the root cause, we often find ways to prevent the behaviour from happening again. This might mean adjusting care routines, modifying the environment, or simply offering reassurance at the right time.
Training and teamwork make the difference
Our carers receive ongoing training in dementia care and behaviour management. This ensures that responses are consistent, calm, and grounded in best practice. We work as a team to share knowledge, support each other, and build effective care strategies.
Family input helps shape care
Families provide invaluable insight into a resident’s habits, preferences, and history. Their input allows us to understand emotional triggers and routines that bring comfort. For instance, a resident who once enjoyed gardening might respond well to spending time outdoors.
At Durham Nursing Homes, we know that dementia challenging behaviour in Durham is best addressed with patience, insight, and compassion. These behaviours are not personal — they are signs that something is wrong. By understanding the why, we can care more effectively for the who.
If your loved one is displaying challenging behaviour and needs specialised dementia support, contact our Nursing Homes. Our team is here to help with respectful, structured, and person-centred care.
